Page 29 - MetalForming July 2011
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required properties directly related to formability of steel are n, FLD and r. What about m-value? Research shows that for steel, m-value is positive and proportional to n-value. There- fore, n-value and m-value act together for increasing stretch- ability as n-value increases. For some aluminum alloys and other nonferrous alloys, m-value can be negative and negate some of the benefit of the n-value.
With the properties of the tryout coil known, apparent problems with a production coil can be checked. Some larg- er press shops have a tensile-test-specimen cutter and a simple tensile-test machine. They send samples from the coil to the lab for evaluation, and quickly learn whether or not they must pull the coil because the steel properties are out of range, or perhaps find that the properties are in-range but the production equipment has shifted out of process range.
The virtual press shop (computerized die tryout) vali- dates the importance of n, m, FLD and r. The virtual stamp- ing requires the exact values of n, m and r found in the pro- duction coil before it can predict the strain magnitudes and distributions found in the physical stamping. The FLD is used for all virtual stampings to predict the onset of failure found in the physical stamping. Using typical or mean val- ues for the virtual stamping does not correlate with the physical stamping. MF
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